Based on the study of historical documents, specialized literature, and empirical materials, a brief historical and legal analysis of the development of legislation and the institution of defense counsel in the Kokand and Khiva Khanates, as well as in the Bukhara Emirate, was conducted. The author highlights the stages of formation and development of the defense counsel institution, and describes the forms of legal assistance provided by muftis who performed defense functions in criminal cases. Revealing the essence of the historical and legal analysis method regarding the formation of legislation on the institution of defense counsel, the author elaborates that muftis acted as defenders in criminal cases. Their duties included consulting the parties, drafting lawsuits and other legal documents, explaining Sharia norms, and participating in court proceedings. The main form of providing legal assistance was compiling a rivoyat (narrative) for each court case, as the legislation of the Kokand and Khiva Khanates, as well as the Bukhara Emirate, lacked the preliminary investigation stage. According to Sharia law, the rivoyats issued by the mufti were recognized as evidence in criminal cases. Islam, as a dynamic world religion, places great importance on spiritual guidance, and muftis held high positions in Muslim society. In the Kokand and Khiva Khanates, as well as in the Emirate of Bukhara, the appointment and dismissal of a mufti was carried out based on the recommendation of the Qazi-kalon, which was then approved by the khan or emir.
| Mualliflar | Vokhidov , Tokhirdjon, Вохидов , Тохирджон, Vokhidov , Tokhirdjon |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations |
| Nashr sanasi | 2025-01-15 |
| Jild | 6 |
| Son | 1 |
| Betlar | 276-284 |
| Til | Rus |
| DOI | 10.47689/2181-1415-vol6-iss1-pp276-284 |
DOI: 10.47689/2181-1415-vol6-iss1-pp276-284 · Maqolaning asl sahifasi
Кокандское и Хивинское ханства, Бухарский эмират, Российская империя, Туркестанское генерал-губернаторство, Республика Таджикистан, судебно-правовая реформа, муфтии, аъламы, мударрис, шейхульислам, шариат, Коран, сунна, иджма, ривоят, хидоя, фикх, Казы -калон, мирзо, накиб, казы-аскар, суфи, Kokand and Khiva Khanates, Bukhara Emirate, Russian Empire, Turkestan Governor-Generalship, Republic of Tajikistan, judicial and legal reform, muftis, a'lams, mudarris, Sheikh ul-Islam, Sharia, Quran, Sunnah, ijma, riwayat, hidaya, fiqh, Qazi-kalon, mirza, naqib, qazi-askar, Sufi, Qo‘qon va Xiva xonliklari, Buxoro amirligi, Rossiya imperiyasi, Turkiston General-gubernatorligi, Tojikiston Respublikasi, sud-huquq islohoti, mufti, Islom, mudarris, shayxulislom, shariat, Qur’on, Sunnat, ijma, narvon, hidoya, fiqh, qozi-kalon, mirzo, nakib, qozi -Asqar, so‘fiy
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