Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?

Saidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon

Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations · 2026-yil

Annotatsiya

It has been established that artificial intelligence is not, under current law, an autonomous bearer of criminal culpability; instead, liability is channelled through natural and legal persons who design, market, deploy, modify, supervise, or misuse AI systems. The study demonstrates that the question “who is liable—the developer or the user?” is doctrinally flawed if treated as a binary choice. A lifecycle-based allocation model has been identified, according to which liability depends on control over the relevant risk factor, the foreseeability of harm, the mental element, the breach of specific duties, and the ability to prevent or internalize loss. It has been found that users and deployers are usually the primary offenders when general-purpose or otherwise lawful tools are intentionally employed for fraud, phishing, deepfake abuse, extortion, unlawful personal data processing, or fabricated legal submissions. At the same time, developers and providers may incur criminal, civil, or administrative liability where unlawful design choices, deliberate facilitation, defective safeguards, misleading outputs, or failures of compliance and monitoring are proven.

Maqola ma’lumotlari
MualliflarSaidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon
JurnalЖамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations
NashriyotIn Science МЧЖ
ISSN2181-1415
Nashr sanasi2026-04-25
Jild7
Son4/S
Betlar414-424
TilIngliz
Ilmiy sohaYuridik
DOI10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424
Indeksga qo‘shilgan2026-08-26

DOI: 10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424 · Maqolaning asl sahifasi

Kalit so‘zlar

Генеративные модели, причинная связь, комплаенс, деликт, правосубъектность, Generative models, causation, compliance, tort, legal personhood, Generativ modellar, sababiy bog‘liqlik, komplayens, delikt, huquqiy sub'ektlik

Ilmiy soha

Yuridik

Iqtibos keltirish

APASaidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, & Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon (2026). Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?. Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(4/S), 414-424. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424
GOST (OAK)Saidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user? // Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations. – 2026. – T. 7, № 4/S. – P. 414-424. – DOI: 10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424.
MLASaidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, and Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon. “Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?.” Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(4/S), 414-424, 2026. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424
ChicagoSaidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, and Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon. “Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?.” Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(4/S), 414-424 (2026). https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424
HarvardSaidkarimova, Sadiyakhon, Саидкаримова, Садияхон, and Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon (2026) ‘Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?’, Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(4/S), 414-424. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424
BibTeX
@article{saidkarimovasadiyakhon2026,
  title = {Artificial intelligence as a tool for crime: who bears responsibility—the developer or the user?},
  author = {Saidkarimova, Sadiyakhon and Саидкаримова, Садияхон and Saidkarimova, Sadiyaxon},
  journal = {Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4/S},
  pages = {414-424},
  doi = {10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss4/s-pp414-424}
}

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