Independent tourism, widely recognized as Free Independent Travel (FIT), has become oneof the most dynamically growing segments of the global tourism industry. Rapid advancements indigital technology, the proliferation of online booking platforms, the expansion of low-costtransportation networks, and profound shifts in consumer preferences have collectively propelledthis tourism form to the forefront of destination management discourse. This article investigatesthe theoretical and methodological foundations of independent tourism development, synthesizingconceptual frameworks, empirical evidence, and comparative case studies drawn frominternational and Central Asian contexts. The study employs a systematic literature review,comparative destination analysis, and primary survey data collected from 180 independenttravelers in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, to construct a comprehensive picture of the determinants andmechanisms underpinning FIT growth. Key findings indicate that independent tourismdevelopment is driven by an interconnected set of technological, infrastructural, institutional, andbehavioral factors. A novel theoretical model — the Free Independent Tourism Development(FITD) Model — is proposed to guide policy and investment decisions.
| Mualliflar | Yuldashev, Kamol |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | Иқтисодиёт ва туризм |
| Nashriyot | Бухоро давлат университети |
| ISSN | 2004-2024 |
| Nashr sanasi | 2026-04-17 |
| Jild | 2 |
| Son | 28 |
| Til | Ingliz |
| Ilmiy soha | Iqtisodiyot |
| Indeksga qo‘shilgan | 2026-08-26 |
tourism digitalization, free independent travel (FIT)
| APA | Yuldashev, Kamol (2026). THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT. Иқтисодиёт ва туризм, 2(28). https://interjournal.uz/index.php/journals/article/view/422 |
|---|---|
| GOST (OAK) | Yuldashev, Kamol THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT // Иқтисодиёт ва туризм. – 2026. – T. 2, № 28. |
| MLA | Yuldashev, Kamol. “THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT.” Иқтисодиёт ва туризм, 2(28), 2026. https://interjournal.uz/index.php/journals/article/view/422 |
| Chicago | Yuldashev, Kamol. “THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT.” Иқтисодиёт ва туризм, 2(28) (2026). https://interjournal.uz/index.php/journals/article/view/422 |
| Harvard | Yuldashev, Kamol (2026) ‘THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT’, Иқтисодиёт ва туризм, 2(28). https://interjournal.uz/index.php/journals/article/view/422 |
| BibTeX | @article{yuldashevkamol2026,
title = {THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INDEPENDENT TOURISM DEVELOPMENT},
author = {Yuldashev, Kamol},
journal = {Иқтисодиёт ва туризм},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {28},
url = {https://interjournal.uz/index.php/journals/article/view/422}
} |
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