In the present review, we summarized the blood pressure (BP) measurement protocols of contemporary outcome trials in hypertension. In all these trials, clinic BP was used for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of hypertension. In most trials, BP was measured in the sitting position with mercury sphygmomanometers or automated electronic BP monitors by trained observers. BP readings were taken on each occasion at least twice with a 30-to-60-s interval after 5 min of rest. Details regarding the arm side, cuff size, and the timing of BP measurement were infrequently reported. If clinic BP continues being used in future hypertension trials, the measurement should strictly follow current guidelines. The observers must be trained and experienced, and the device should be validated by automated electronic BP monitors. On each occasion, BP readings should be taken 2-3 times. The time interval between successive measurements has to be 30-60 s, and the resting period before the measurement should be at least 5 min in the supine or seated position and 1-3 min standing. BP should usually be measured in the seated position. The higher arm side and an appropriate size cuff should be chosen and noted. BP should be measured at defined trough hours. Automated office BP measurement has recently been used and seems to have less white-coat effect. The out-of-office BP measurement, either ambulatory or home BP monitoring, was only used in a subset of study participants of few hypertension trials. Future trials should consider these novel office or out-of-office BP measurements in guiding the therapy and preventing cardiovascular events.
| Mualliflar | Yi Chen, Lei Lei, Ji‐Guang Wang |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | PULSE |
| Nashr sanasi | 2018-01-01 |
| Jild | 6 |
| Son | 1-2 |
| Betlar | 112-123 |
| Til | en |
| DOI | 10.1159/000489855 |
DOI: 10.1159/000489855 · Maqolaning asl sahifasi
We reviewed trials that tested the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs in reducing arterial stiffness and wave reflections as assessed by pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, respectively. Regardless of cross-over…
With the increase in the aging population, it is important to understand the individual diseases and their interactions which are prevalent and have a great impact on the health status of the elderly. Hypertension is…
Despite improvements in hypertension awareness and treatment, the blood pressure (BP) control rate still remains at around 50%. One of the major determinants of low BP control results from therapeutic inertia of the…
BACKGROUND: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) is increasingly used for the measurement of arterial stiffness. In the present study, we quantified the interrelationship between brachial-ankle and carotid-femoral…
Background: Aortic stiffness, measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), is used for the prediction of cardiovascular risk. This mini-review describes the nonlinear relationship between cf-PWV and…
Pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, is known to change instantaneously with changes in blood pressure. In this mini-review, we discuss two main approaches for handling the blood pressure…
Background: We compared skin and plasma measurements of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), with particular focus on their levels in the presence of hypertension or diabetes and prediabetes and their associations…
There have been attempts to explain the process of developments in overt cardiovascular disease, resulting in the presentation of the classic cardiovascular disease continuum and the aging cardiovascular continuum…
Vascular calcification is heterogeneous and triggered by multiple mechanisms. It has been implicated in the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and cognitive function impairment…
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory pleiotropic cytokine which may contribute to the initiation and progression of ischemic stroke (IS). Thus far, numerous studies have been performed to examine the…