Relevance. Inflammatory bronchopulmonary diseases in children, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, remain among the most urgent problems in modern pediatrics. Microcirculatory dysfunction plays a central role in their pathogenesis. Impairment of the microcirculation not only disrupts alveolar gas exchange but also affects tissue trophic supply. Contemporary research highlights a close association between this dysfunction and the imbalance of inflammatory mediators — interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). These mediators alter endothelial cell function, increase capillary wall permeability, cause degradation of the glycocalyx structure, and consequently lead to impaired microvascular perfusion. Objective. The aim of this study was to identify the main pathophysiological mechanisms of microcirculatory dysfunction in inflammatory bronchopulmonary diseases in children, to assess the relationship between the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-10) and microcirculatory parameters, and to determine their clinical significance as prognostic biomarkers. Materials and Methods. To evaluate the state of microcirculation in pediatric patients, a comprehensive set of instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods was applied. Capillaroscopy was used to assess the morphofunctional state of nail-bed capillaries, pulse oximetry was employed to determine arterial oxygenation levels, and blood lactate concentration served as a marker of metabolic hypoxia. Additionally, hemostasiogram parameters and microperfusion indices were calculated. The levels of inflammatory mediators were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed by statistical correlation analysis to examine interrelations between cytokine and microcirculatory indicators. Results and Discussion. The analysis revealed a significant increase in inflammatory cytokine levels among children with bronchopulmonary diseases, which contributed to the development of endothelial dysfunction. Increased capillary wall permeability, degradation of the glycocalyx, and enhanced interstitial edema led to a decrease in microcirculatory blood flow. These changes were accompanied by impaired blood rheology, reduced erythrocyte deformability, and microthrombus formation. A statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.68–0.74; p < 0.01) was established between IL-6 and TNF-α levels, on the one hand, and lactate concentration and capillary perfusion indices, on the other. This relationship was found to be a reliable diagnostic biomarker for predicting severe courses of pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Particularly in young children, the morphofunctional and metabolic immaturity of adaptive mechanisms leads to rapid transition of microcirculatory disorders into a hypoxic-decompensatory stage. Conclusion. The obtained results confirm that microcirculatory dysfunction represents a key pathogenetic link in the development of inflammatory bronchopulmonary diseases in children. Early diagnosis and complex correction of these disorders can reduce disease severity, prevent hypoxic complications, and improve clinical outcomes. In the future, integrating microcirculatory markers, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress indicators into a unified monitoring system may provide a basis for optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in pediatric practice.
| Mualliflar | Bobomuratov, Turdiqul, Davletova, Fotima, Avezova, Guloyim, Бобомуратов, Турдиқул, Давлетова, Фотима, Авезова, Гулойим, Bobomuratov, Turdiqul, Davletova, Fotima, Avezova, Guloyim |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | Medical science of Uzbekistan / O'zbekiston tibbiyot ilmi |
| Nashr sanasi | 2025-12-24 |
| Jild | 4 |
| Son | 6 |
| Betlar | 24-31 |
| Til | uz_Latn |
| DOI | 10.56121/2181-3612-2025-6-24-31 |
DOI: 10.56121/2181-3612-2025-6-24-31 · Maqolaning asl sahifasi
bronchopulmonary diseases, microcirculation, hypoxia, inflammatory mediators, endothelial dysfunction, бронхолёгочные заболевания, микросиркуляция, гипоксия, медиаторы воспаления, эндотелиальная дисфункция, bronx-o‘pka kasalliklari, mikrosirkulyatsiya, gipoksiya, yallig‘lanish mediatorlari, endotelial disfunktsiya
Introduction. Acute pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in early childhood. According to WHO data, approximately 15–18% of deaths among children under five years of age are due to…
Relevance.Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life plays a decisive role in the development of the immune system and healthy growth of children. The aim of the study. To study and compare the…
Relevance. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in adolescent girls are among the most common childhood diseases, second only to respiratory tract infections. Special attention is required for cases with comorbid…
Introduction. Preschool-aged children (1–5 years) represent a critical stage for growth and health development. Anemia and obesity remain major public health challenges affecting cognitive and physical outcomes. Early…
Relevance. Recurrent obstructive bronchitis (ROB) is an inflammatory disease of the bronchi characterized by repeated episodes of inflammation of the mucous and submucosal layers of the bronchial tree, leading to…
Relevance. Inflammatory bronchopulmonary diseases remain among the leading causes of morbidity in children, particularly those under three years of age. The increasing incidence of bronchial obstruction, antibiotic…
Study Objective: To determine the feasibility of predicting the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in children with peritonitis based on an analysis of blood coagulation (hemostasis) parameters…
Resume: This original article presents data on the study of liver parenchymal stiffness using elastography in obese and normal-weight children. The obtained results can be incorporated into the practice of pediatricians…
Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features of urate nephropathy (UN) in frequently ill children (FIC). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the multidisciplinary clinic of…
Resume: This article presents data on urinary albumin excretion in obese children. The study results are recommended for widespread implementation by general practitioners in central district primary care clinics…
Medical science of Uzbekistan / O'zbekiston tibbiyot ilmi — barcha maqolalar