Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform

Akhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, Ahmadjonova, Maftuna

Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations · 2026-yil

Annotatsiya

This article provides a comprehensive examination of the theoretical and legal foundations of criminal liability for establishing and maintaining illegal drug laboratories, the substance of the 2026 reform of Uzbekistan’s criminal legislation, and potential legal classification issues arising from the application of the new provision. The introduction of Article 276¹ into the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan by Law No. ZRU-1151 dated June 11, 2026, which for the first time establishes the creation or maintenance of an illegal drug laboratory as a separate criminal offense, marks a fundamentally new stage in the legal regulation of this area. The provision establishes a differentiated system of liability, providing for imprisonment for a term of five to twenty years for establishing or maintaining a drug laboratory for the illegal production, manufacture, or processing of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues, or potent substances [1]. The study employs formal legal, systemic, historical-legal, comparative-functional, and legal modelling methods. The technological differences between the synthetic drug market and the traditional market for plant-based drugs, the relocation of clandestine production to residential premises, warehouses, and other enclosed spaces, and the risks posed to the public by chemical waste and secondary contamination demonstrate that the social danger of this offense cannot be reduced solely to the drugs themselves. The article also examines the prospects for using forensic wastewater analysis, chemical marker detection, precursor monitoring, and risk-based analytical systems. As a scientific contribution, the study develops proposals to define the term “illegal drug laboratory” in legislation, clarify when the offense is deemed complete, provide Supreme Court Plenum guidance on the competition between Articles 276¹ and 273 and the issue of multiple offenses, recognize environmental and chemical hazards as a qualifying element, introduce a legal regime for contaminated sites, and establish a system for encouraging citizens to submit reliable reports.

Maqola ma’lumotlari
MualliflarAkhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, Ahmadjonova, Maftuna
JurnalЖамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations
NashriyotIn Science МЧЖ
ISSN2181-1415
Nashr sanasi2026-10-05
Jild7
Son5
Betlar409-422
TilIngliz
Ilmiy sohaYuridik
DOI10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422
Indeksga qo‘shilgan2026-10-20

DOI: 10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422 · Maqolaning asl sahifasi

Kalit so‘zlar

нарколаборатория, синтетические наркотики, наркотические средства, психотропные вещества, прекурсор, уголовная ответственность, статья 276¹ Уголовного кодекса, незаконное производство, криминалистическое выявление, деконтаминация, профилактика, drug laboratory, synthetic drugs, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, precursor, criminal liability, Article 276¹ of the Criminal Code, illicit production, forensic detection, wastewater analysis, decontamination, prevention, narkolaboratoriya, sintetik narkotiklar, giyohvandlik vositalari, psixotrop moddalar, prekursor, jinoiy javobgarlik, Jinoyat kodeksining 276¹-moddasi, noqonuniy ishlab chiqarish, kriminalistik aniqlash, dekontaminatsiya, profilaktika

Ilmiy soha

Yuridik

Iqtibos keltirish

APAAkhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, & Ahmadjonova, Maftuna (2026). Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform. Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(5), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422
GOST (OAK)Akhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, Ahmadjonova, Maftuna Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform // Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations. – 2026. – T. 7, № 5. – P. 409-422. – DOI: 10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422.
MLAAkhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, and Ahmadjonova, Maftuna. “Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform.” Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(5), 409-422, 2026. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422
ChicagoAkhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, and Ahmadjonova, Maftuna. “Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform.” Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(5), 409-422 (2026). https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422
HarvardAkhmadjonova, Maftuna, Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна, and Ahmadjonova, Maftuna (2026) ‘Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform’, Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations, 7(5), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422
BibTeX
@article{akhmadjonovamaftuna2026,
  title = {Criminal Liability for Establishing Illicit Drug Laboratories: Legal Challenges and Directions for Legislative Reform},
  author = {Akhmadjonova, Maftuna and Ахмаджонова, Мафтуна and Ahmadjonova, Maftuna},
  journal = {Жамият ва инновациялар / Общество и инновации / Society and innovations},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {409-422},
  doi = {10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol7-iss5-pp409-422}
}

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