THE ROLE OF VCAM-1 IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS AND TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE

Karimdzhanov I.A., Turakulova K.Kh., Madaminova M.Sh.

Педиатрия · 2026-yil

Annotatsiya

Introduction. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by chronic immune dysregulation, progressive inflammation and clinically relevant vascular involvement. Endothelial activation facilitates leukocyte adhesion and migration into target tissues, thereby maintaining local inflammation and contributing to tissue injury. Among adhesion molecules involved in this process, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is considered an important mediator of immune-cell trafficking and vascular inflammation.Aim. To evaluate the biological and clinical significance of VCAM-1 in autoimmune diseases, with emphasis on endothelial dysfunction and its potential biomarker value.Materials and methods. A narrative literature review was performed using publications indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE. The search primarily included English-language papers published from 2015 to 2025 using the keywords “VCAM-1”, “autoimmune disease”, “endothelial dysfunction”, “lupus nephritis”, “rheumatoid arthritis”, “multiple sclerosis”, “Sjögren’s syndrome” and “autoimmune thyroid disease”. One earlier publication was retained because of its relevance to VCAM-1 in autoimmune thyroid disorders.Results. The reviewed evidence indicates that VCAM-1 participates in leukocyte adhesion to activated endothelium and promotes immune-cell migration into inflamed tissues. Increased VCAM-1 expression is associated with cytokine signaling, oxidative stress and chronic immune activation. Elevated VCAM-1 levels have been reported in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis, multiple sclerosis, Sjögren’s syndrome and autoimmune thyroid disease. Its biomarker value depends strongly on disease context and biological compartment, with urinary VCAM-1 showing particular promise in lupus nephritis.Conclusion. VCAM-1 is a biologically relevant marker linking autoimmune inflammation with vascular injury. However, due to limited specificity, it should not be interpreted as an independent diagnostic indicator. Its most realistic clinical value lies in multimarker models integrating endothelial, inflammatory and organ-specific biomarkers for disease assessment and monitoring.

Maqola ma’lumotlari
MualliflarKarimdzhanov I.A., Turakulova K.Kh., Madaminova M.Sh.
JurnalПедиатрия
Nashr sanasi2026-07-31
Son1
Betlar122-128
TilRus

Maqolaning asl sahifasi

Kalit so‘zlar

VCAM-1; endothelial dysfunction; autoimmune diseases; rheumatoid arthritis; lupus nephritis; multiple sclerosis.

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