Background: Pregnancy induces hormonal and immunological changes that alter the oral environment and may increase susceptibility to fungal infections, particularly candidiasis. Understanding the prevalence, clinical presentation, species distribution, and risk factors for oral fungal disease during pregnancy is important for timely diagnosis and safe management. Objectives: To summarize the epidemiology, clinical features, microbiology, risk factors and treatment considerations of oral fungal infections in pregnant women, and to identify trimester‑related patterns and implications for prenatal care. Methods: A literature‑based comparative analysis (or prospective cohort/cross‑sectional study — adapt as needed) integrating clinical assessments, microbiological identification (culture and/or molecular methods), and evaluation of maternal risk factors such as antibiotic use, gestational diabetes, nutritional status, oral hygiene and denture use. Outcomes include prevalence of colonization versus symptomatic infection, species distribution (Candida albicans vs non‑albicans), clinical severity and treatment outcomes. Results: Pregnancy is associated with increased rates of Candida colonization and symptomatic candidiasis in some populations, with Candida albicans predominating; non‑albicans species may be more frequent in the presence of antibiotic exposure or recurrent infection. Risk factors commonly identified include poor oral hygiene, xerostomia, high dietary sugar intake, systemic conditions (gestational diabetes, anemia), and recent antibiotic therapy. Diagnostic confirmation aids appropriate, pregnancy‑safe treatment selection. Conclusions: Oral fungal disease in pregnancy requires heightened clinical awareness, targeted screening for high‑risk women, and individualized management that balances efficacy and fetal‑maternal safety. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to refine trimester‑specific screening and treatment guidelines.
| Mualliflar | Iskhakova F.Sh. |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | Гуманитар ва табиий фанлар журнали |
| Nashr sanasi | 2026-06-12 |
| Son | 34 |
| Betlar | 269-272 |
| Til | Rus |
oral fungal infections; oral candidiasis; pregnancy; Candida albicans; non‑albicans Candida; prevalence; risk factors; prenatal oral health; diagnosis; treatment
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