OAK jurnallaridan yig‘ilgan 140147 ta ilmiy maqola: sarlavha, mualliflar, annotatsiya, kalit so‘zlar, DOI va tayyor iqtibos formatlari.
- Studying the effect of sports on the menstrual funktion of girls
Якуббоева Шахноза Умидовна, Собирова Мохичеxра Расулджоновна, Рузиева Нодира Хакимовна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
In recent years, the number of teenage girls engaged in professional sports is increasing and the impact of this activity on the reproductive health of girls, especially the reproductive system of teenage girls, i.e…
- Cytokine response of the immune system in ovarian hyperandrogenism
Юлдашев Умеджон Кахрамонович, Мусаходжаева Дилорам Абдуллаевна, Азизова Зухра Шухратовна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Objective: to study the state of the cytokine link in women with ovarian hyperandrogenism. Material and methods. The study involved 55 women of reproductive age with an established diagnosis of ovarian hyperandrogenism…
- Diagnosis and results of surgical treatment of congenital duodenal obstruction in newborns
Эргашев Бахтиёр Бердалиевич, Хамроев Улугбек Абдурашидович, Абдуганиев Абужамил Абдугаффорович · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
The first experience with laparoscopic correction of duodenal obstruction in newborns was presented in 2001, but there is still debate about the preferred method of surgical correction. The article presents the…
- Comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of bladder exstrophy with total epispadias in newborns and infants
Эргашев Бахтиёр Бердалиевич, Эгамназаров Нурбек Куйлиевич · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Based on a comprehensive study of 41 children with bladder exstrophy (BE) at the age of 1 day to 1 year. The scheme of the proposed phasing of the operative correction of this defect includes an early age approach (1…
- Optimization of therapy for patients with psoriasis based on clinical, biochemical and immunological indicators
Хан-Ходжаева Сохибахон Анваровна, Бабаджанов Ойбек Абдужаббарович · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by keratinocyte hyperplasia and impaired immune response. The disease affects approximately 2-3% of the world's population and is associated with marked…
- Immuno-biochemical and histological characteristics of uterine leiomyoma
Хамидова Шахло Шариповна, Наврузова Шакар Истамовна, Ихтиярова Гулчеҳра Акмаловна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Uterine leiomyoma is a common gynecological condition that affects women of various age groups, particularly those in their reproductive years. To explore the clinical characteristics and underlying pathophysiological…
- Improving the preconception care of women with a history of missed miscarriage. Differentiated preconception care and results
Фазилова Махшура Олимжановна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Preconception preparation is an important aspect in pregnancy planning, especially for women who have a history of fetal loss, including non-developing pregnancies. A total of 280 patients were examined and studied, of…
- Frequency and structure of congenital developmental developments of the fetal in the perinatal center
Уринбаева Нилуфар Абдужаббаровна, Мухаммадиева Севинч Азамовна, Джаббарова Юлдуз Касымовна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Congenital malformations of the fetus are one of the main causes of perinatal and infant mortality and disability from childhood. The frequency and nosological structure of developmental anomalies in newborns, the…
- Results of the use of modern uterotonics in the prevention and treatment of atonic bleeding during cesarean section
Уринбаева Нилуфар Абдужаббаровна, Махкамова Шоистахон Хусановна, Мухамедова Умида Юнусбековна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of carbetocin compared with oxytocin for the prevention of uterine atony and increased blood loss during cesarean section. Material and methods. A total of 180 women with a…
- Assessment of the breastfeeding situation in some districts of Tashkent
Султанова Зухра Одилжоновна, Касымова Нодира Амануллаевна, Абдукадирова Мунира Кабуловна, Умаров Рустам Комилович, Гулoмова Паризода Жамшид кизи · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Aim: To assess the adherence to breastfeeding promotion policies for infants under 6 months of age in two districts of Tashkent. Material and Methods: A survey was conducted among 181 mothers in the Uchtepa and…
- Features of diagnosing vulvovaginal infections in pregnant women with threatened abortion using various methods
Раббимова Гульнора Тоштемировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Vulvovaginal infections are a significant concern in obstetrics, particularly among pregnant women with threatened abortion. Timely diagnosis of these infections plays a crucial role in preventing complications such as…
- Influence of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs on reproductive health: analysis of in vitro fertilization effectiveness
Parvizi Nazli Ibragimovna, Камилова Ирода Абдурасуловна, Абдуллаева Олтиной Гулямджоновна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) remain a pressing problem in gynecology to this day, being the most common gynecological diseases and the most common cause of infertility in women. According to domestic authors, in…
- Innovative approaches to studying the microachitectonics of erythrocytes under gestational hypertension in pregnant women
Павлова Татяна Владимировна, Ихтиярова Гулчехра Акмаловна, Бахрамова Шахоноза Усмановна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
The work was carried out in the city maternity hospital of Bukhara, 25 pregnant women were tested: 15 women with gestational hypertension and 10 patients without it. As a result of the examination during pregnancy…
- A case report of mucous stone formation in the neovagina after sigmoid colpopoiesis
Негмаджанов Баходур Болтаевич, Ахмедов Зариф Шамсиддинович, Раббимова Гульнора Тоштемировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Congenital malformations of the female reproductive organs account for 4-5% of all congenital anomalies, significantly impacting the physical and psychological well-being of patients. Sigmoid colpopoiesis is one of the…
- Features of hormonal, biochemical, and sonographic disorders in patients with vaginal and uterine aplasia combined with ovarian hyperandrogenism during treatment dynamics
Негмаджанов Баходур Болтаевич, Адылова Мадина Ниязовна, Раббимова Гульнора Тоштемировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Vaginal and uterine aplasia (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, MRKH) is a congenital anomaly characterized by the absence of the uterus and the upper two-thirds of the vagina in women with a 46, XX karyotype…
- Intrauterine sinechia: features of surgical treatment and prevention of recurrence
Насимова Зебунисо Сайфуллазода · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
The article is devoted to the issues of surgical treatment and prevention of recurrence of intrauterine sinechia (IUS) and its severe condition Asherman syndrome. The topicality of the IUS is characterized by a high…
- Case study: possibilities of vaginoscopy of the artifical vagina after sigmoidal colpopoiesis
Махмудова Севара Эркиновна, Негмаджанов Баходур Болтаевич · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
Sigmoid colpopoiesis is one of the effective surgical methods for correcting congenital vaginal aplasia. However, despite successful functional and anatomical outcomes, rare long-term complications, such as inflammation…
- Using of the PISQ-12 questionnaire in patients before and after elimination of neovaginal prolapse after sigmoidal colpopoiesis
Маматкулова Мохигул Джахангировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-09
To assess the effectiveness of surgical and medical interventions for urinary incontinence and/or pelvic organ prolapse, psychometric questionnaires are important to assess the quality of change in women's lives…
- Features of the psychoemotional state of football players depending on age and duration of professional sports activities
Mavlyanova Z.F., Doniyorov B.B., Jurabekova A.T., Мавлянова З.Ф., Дониёров Б.Б., Джурабекова А.Т., Mavlyanova Z.F., Doniyorov B.B., Jurabekova A.T. · Research Focus · 2024-10-08
The key and system-forming aspect in the development of professional sport is psychoneurological resistance to performing the loads that underlie the activity of athletes. Control of one's own psychological state and…
- Improvement of the process and devices for obtaining moisture-preserving preparations used in agriculture
Saloydinova Maloxat Qodirjon kizi, Салойдинова Малохат Кодиржон кизи, Saloydinova Maloxat Qodirjon kizi · Research Focus · 2024-10-08
This article focuses on enhancing the processes and equipment for producing humectants used in agriculture to improve soil moisture retention and crop yield. It explores advancements in the design and efficiency of…
- Determination of optimal conditions for obtaining a complex of CO3+ cation with gossypol 2-AMINO 4-METHYLPYRIDINE
Y.N.Bo‘ronov, S.B.Raximov, Mamanazarov M.M., Ю.Н.Буронов, С.Б.Рахимов, Маманазаров М.М., Y.N.Bo‘ronov, S.B.Raximov, Mamanazarov M.M. · Research Focus · 2024-10-08
Schiff bases obtained on the basis of gossypol form distinctive coloured compounds with certain metals under special conditions. On the basis of these properties of gossypol compounds, they can be used as reagents for…
- Qishloq xo‘jaligida tadbirkorlik tuzilmalarini rivojlantirish orqali kambag‘allikni qisqartirish borasidagi davlat siyosatining ahamiyati
Yoqubjonov Ibrohim G'olibjon o'g'li · Актуар молия ва бухгалтерия ҳисоби · 2024-10-08
O‘zbekistonda bozor iqtisodiyoti amal qilishni boshlagandan beri o‘tgan davrlar mobaynida aholini turmush farovonligi yildan-yilga oshib bormoqda. Ayniqsa qishloq joylarida aholini tadbirkorlikka o‘rgatish orqali…
- Mintaqada bandlikni tartibga solish yo‘nalishlari
Nurullayev Baxrom Botirovich · Актуар молия ва бухгалтерия ҳисоби · 2024-10-08
Ushbu maqolada bandlikni tartibga solishning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, nazariyalari va yondashuvlari, mavjud imkoniyatlari va yo‘nalishlari yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, Xorazm viloyati mintaqasida bandlikni amalga…
- Antimonopoly regulation AT the present stage: challenges and opportunities
Bekzod Kh, Ummatov · Актуар молия ва бухгалтерия ҳисоби · 2024-10-08
The article discusses current challenges in the area of antimonopoly regulation in Uzbekistan and proposes solutions to address them. It emphasizes the significance of regulation and provides a summary of the actions of…
- Ривожланган мамлакатларда давлат бошқаруви самарадорлигини баҳолашнинг янги механизмлари
Темур Aбдуллаев · Актуар молия ва бухгалтерия ҳисоби · 2024-10-08
Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистонда давлат хизматида фаолият юритаётган ҳар бир раҳбар ва ходим фаолиятининг самарали бўлишига алоҳида эътибор қаратилиб, давлат хизматчиси ишини ана шу тамойиллар асосида ташкил этиши зарурлиги…
- Qо‘g‘irchoq teatrida aktyorlik san’atining shakllanish bosqichlari
UMARXODJAYEVA, MA’MURA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Ushbu maqolada qо‘g‘irchoq teatrida aktyorlik san’atining shakllanish bosqichlari mavzusi tahlil va muhokama qilingan
- Торговое пространство в интеграции с государственным музеем прикладного искусства и истории ремесленничества Узбекистана
АШУРБАЕВА, СИТОРА АБДУКАРИМОВНА · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
В статье рассматривается роль сувенирной зоны торговли в музее прикладного искусства Узбекистана как важного элемента культурной экосистемы. Автором подчеркивается, что данная зона не только способствует поддержке…
- The process of formation of cultural heritage dating back to the tеmurids period in turkiye
MIRALIYEVA, SHAKHNOZA ABDURAHIMOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
One of the reasons for preserving the cultural heritage of Uzbekistan in foreign museums and libraries is the establishment of cultural, economic and political ties with different countries, as well as the emergence of…
- Современные парковые пространства как инструмент развития городской среды
МАКСУМОВА, МОХИНУР · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Современная ландшафтная архитектура уже давно вышла за пределы создания традиционных садово-парковых пространств. Парк необходимо воспринимать как городское общественное пространство, работая над созданием которого…
- O‘zbekistonda kandakorlikning shakillanish va pivojlanish bosqichlari
JONIEVA, IRODA YOQUBOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Maqolada o‘zbek xalq amaliy bezak san‘atining eng keng tarqalgan turlaridan biri kandakorlik haqida so‘z yuritilgan bo‘lib, savdo-sotiqda qadimdan kandakorlik buyumlariga talab katta bo‘lganligi, mahalliy ustalar oltin…
- Badiy ta'limda adabiy merosining o‘rganilishida is'hoqxon ibrat muzeyi faoliyati
HASANOVA , FERUZA RAHMONALIYEVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Ushbu maqolada oʻzbek xalqi madaniyati, ilm-fani, san'ati rivojiga oʻzining ulkan hissasini qoʻshgan maʼrifatparvar shoir, yozuvchi, tilshunos va tarixshunos olim, ilk oʻzbek noshiri sifatida tanilgan Is'hoqxon Toʻra…
- Educational art equipment for students with health disabilities
KHAMRAEVA, UMIDA MADRIMOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
This article describes the useful properties of a new easel-table for students with disabilities studying at art universities in Uzbekistan. It is proposed to compare existing models of easels.
- Военный костюм эпохи Тимуридов: генезис, эволюция, художественное своеобразие
АЛЛАБЕРГЕНОВА, АЙРИН БАТЫРОВНА · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Статья повествует об общем положении военного дела, в частности военной одежды кочевников в эпоху Темура на территории Центральной Азии в XIII - XIV веков, также рассмотрены вопросы влияния элементов военной одежды…
- The experience of fashion design education on a global scale
UMAROVA, ZUHKHRA SAGDULLAEVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
The article analyzes the impact of rapid development in design fields in recent years in developing countries, highlighting the significant increase in demand for designer specialists. Additionally, the article…
- O‘zbekiston milliy interyer dizaynining shakllanish bosqichlarini davrlarga bo‘lib o‘rganish uslubi
SHODIYEVA, MOXIRA XUSANOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
San’atshunos olimlar o‘zbek xalq amaliy san’atining tarixiy bosqichlarini aniqlash muhim ekanligini takidlab, davrlarga bo‘lib o‘rganishgan. Milliy interyer dizaynining shakllanishi bevosita amaliy-bezak san’ati bilan…
- Абстракции в творчестве современных художников Узбекистана на примере выставки «Abstractio» группы «Круг и…»
Р, МАТЕВОСЯН Г · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
В данной статье автор размышляет о том, почему современные художники Узбекистана обращаются к абстрактному искусству. Рассматривается вопрос, есть ли потенциал у абстрактного искусства в Узбекистане и насколько это…
- Oʻzbek animasiya san’atida mavzur mahmudov ijodi
XAYDAROVA , NIGORA TOXIRJONOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Mazkur maqolada oʻzbek multiplikatsiyani jahonga tanitgan etuk iste’dod egasi Mavzur Mahmudovning ijodiy izlanishlari natijasida yaratilgan multiplikasion filmlari tahlil etilgan. Shuningdek, ijodkorning xalqaro kino…
- Mustaqillik yillarida Farg‘ona vodiysi xalq bayram teatrlashtirilgan tomoshalar ssenografiyasining yutuq, muammo va yechimlari
OXUNDEDAEV, XOJIAKBAR MAXAMADALI O‘G‘LI · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
Mustaqillik yillaridagi Farg‘ona vodiysi teatrlashgan ommaviy bayramlar ssenografiyasi san’ati jarayoninig o‘ziga xosligi, tomosha sahnasining badiiy jarayonlari, Gullar bayrami, Xalqaro hunarmandlar festivali va Buyuk…
- An’anaviy o‘zbek to‘qimachiligining xususiyati va o‘zaro raqobatbardoshligi
XOLIQOVA , MAHLIYO ALISHER QIZI · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
To‘qimachilik rivojlanishi, Marg‘ilon va Buxorodagi mato yaratuvchi hunarmandlarning o‘zaro raqobatbardosh mahsulot yaratishlari, harir va havodek yengil ro‘mol sharflarning urfga aylanishi, biz bilgan adlas matosining…
- The evolution of the female archetype in outdoor advertising in Uzbekistan
MUKHAMEDJANOVA , SAKINA ISMAILDJANOVNA · Камолиддин Беҳзод номидаги МРДИ Ахборотномаси · 2024-10-08
The article is dedicated to the study of the evolution of the female archetype in outdoor advertising in Uzbekistan, tracing its transformation from the Soviet period to the present. The author analyzes how the…
- Neonatal outcomes and complications in extremely preterm births
Касымова Нодира Амануллаевна, Султанова Зухра Одилжоновна, Насырова Умида Ферузовна, Уринбаева Нилуфар Абдужаббаровна, Усманова Ёкутхон Абдужаббаровна, Турсунхужаева Нигина Абдумал · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Objective: A retrospective analysis of outcomes in premature newborns born from extremely early preterm births. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 157 birth and neonatal development records of newborns…
- Features of the tactics of pregnancy and childbirth in pneumonia
Каттаходжаева Махмуда Хамдамовна, Сафаров Алиаскар Турсунович, Сафарова Лола Алиаскаровна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Despite the achievements of modern obstetrics, pneumonia, as a cause of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women, continues to be an important problem. Objective of the study: to evaluate the tactics of therapeutic…
- Proinflammatory and adipocyte markers as indicators of menstrual cycle disorders in overweight adolescent girls
Камалов Тимур Махмудович, Мусаходжаева Дилорам Абдуллаевна, Азизова Зухра Шухратовна, Рустамова Назокат Бахтиёровна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Objective: to determine the serum levels of key adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines in overweight teenage girls to identify their role in the development of menstrual disorders. Material and methods. The study…
- Assessment of gut microbiota in pregnant women with embryo-chorial insufficiency
Ихтиярова Гулчехра Акмаловна, Розикова Дилдора Кодировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Currently, gut dysbiosis is extensively discussed in the literature; however, several contentious issues regarding its clinical significance remain unresolved. Recent publications have explored the potential role of…
- Age-specific features of endometrial polyps
Исаева Сохиба Чориевна, Агабабян Лариса Рубеновна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical, hysteroscopic and histologic features of uterine polyps in different age categories of women. Materials and methods. Materials and Methods. 90 charts of inpatients…
- Opportunities of different approaches in management of secondary infertility in women
Зокиров Фарход Истамович, Пардаева Озода Гайратовна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Every individual has a right of being physically and mentally healthy. Couples have the right of deciding about the timing of being parents, the number of children and spacing between them. Infertility is not only a…
- The relationship between bacterial vaginosis and threatened miscarriage
Закирова Нодира Исламовна, Юлдашева Фарангиз Исматиллоевна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Bacterial vaginosis occurs when the normal vaginal flora is replaced by opportunistic microorganisms. The disease may be asymptomatic or accompanied by clinical symptoms; A pH above 4.5 and a high number of…
- Disorder of growth factor regulation and placental dysfunction
Жураева Дильдора Мухиддиновна, Мусаходжаева Дилорам Абдуллаевна, Азизова Зухра Шухратовна, Ешимбетова Гульсара Закировна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Objective: to study serum growth factors in women with placental dysfunction (PD). Material and methods. The study involved 47 pregnant women, with a gestation period of 26-40 weeks, with an established diagnosis of…
- Reasons for the development of endometrial hyperplastic processes in women in reproductive age
Дустова Нигора Кахрамоновна, Курбонова Гулнора Раджабовна · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Despite the progress made in the study of etiopathogenesis, new methods for diagnosing and treating endometrial hyperplasia, the problem of treating patients with this pathology still remains far from being solved. All…
- Characteristics of obstetric care in the regional perinatal center
Джаббарова Юлдуз Касымовна, Умурзаков Саидолим Муродович, Suyarkulova Mathiya Erkinovna · Journal of reproductive health and uro-nephrology research (Репродуктив саломатлик ва уро-нефрологик тадқиқотлар журнали) · 2024-10-08
Perinatology as an independent branch of medicine was formed quite recently, only 50 years ago. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the first steps of perinatal medicine were noted 25 years ago; currently there are 15…