The article deals with the history of the development of such handicraft of Karakalpak people as metal processing in the XVIII-XIX centuries. There were one or two blacksmiths in each Karakalpak village at that period. Blacksmiths and craftsmen, began conducting their activities in Kungrad, Chimbai and Khodjeily in the XIX century. The raw-material for blacksmiths were delivered from Russia and Bukhara emirate. Karakalpak blacksmiths produced tools for agriculture, household items and horse bards.
| Mualliflar | Турганов, Б.Қ. |
|---|---|
| Jurnal | Ilim ha’m ja’miyet |
| Nashr sanasi | 2019-09-10 |
| Son | 4-1 |
| Betlar | 56-59 |
| Til | O‘zbek |
ҳунармандчилик, темирчи, темирчилик, чўян қуйиш устаханаси, уста, овул, шаҳар, Чимбой, Кўнғирот, Хўжайли, чўянчи овул, меҳнат қуроллари, хўжалик буюмлари, хом ашё, саксовул, писта кўмир, пул-товар муносабатлари, ремесло, кузнечество, кузнечные мастерские, мастерская по литью чугуна, мастер, город, Чимбай, Кунград, Ходжейли, местные мастера по литью чугуна, рабочие инструменты, хозяйственные предметы, сырьё, саксаулы, угол, товарно-денежные отношения, craftsmanship, blacksmith, blacksmith`s workshop, iron forge workshop, master, village, city, Chimbay, Kungrad, Khodjeily, blacksmith village, tools, household items, raw materials, saksaul, coal, goods and money relations
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